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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. J. HOGAN. BOILER.

No. 410,162. Patented Sept. 3, 1889.

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(N0 Mqdel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. J. HOGAN. BOILER.

No. 410,162. Patented Sept. 3, 1889".

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN J. HOGAN, OF NEWV YORK, N. Y.

BYOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 410,162,dated September 3, 1889.

Application filed December 4, 1888. Serial No. 292,642. (No model.)

To all whom it 11mg concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN J. HOGAN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city,

county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hot- 'Water- Circulating Boilers, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of this invention is to improve the circulation in the cast-iron sectional boilers used for supplying heating radiators. Such boilers are frequently made of a series of hollow horizontal shells arranged in a ver- 15 tical series with intermediate smoke-chambers and provided with vertical apertures for the passage of the heated gases, and connected together by vertical passages at various points to permit the circulation of the fluid. If steam be generated in such hot-water boilers, the pressure of the steam stops the circulation through its various passages, and the boiler then ceases to heat the radiators, and the iron heating-surfaces of the boiler 2 5 are liable to be greatly overheated and injured. In such constructions it has generally been assumed that the heated water would be drawn from the top of the boiler, and that the water returned from the radiators would, by its entrance near the bottom of the boiler, rise gradually as it becomes heated, and thus maintain a circulation in all parts of the boiler; Such a construction does maintain the desired circulation so long as the radia- 3 5 tors are in use and a current of water is cooled in the same and returned to the boiler; but when the radiators are shut Off while the fire inthe boiler is maintained the circulation in the boiler becomes very imperfect by the interference of the currents in the ascending and descending channels within the boiler. v

The object of my present invention is to furnish an unobstructed central channel for the upward flow of the heated water through all of the boiler-sections, and to provide for the descent of the water by means of vertical side passages, and for the connection of the ascending and descending currents by unobstructed radial channels at certain points in each of the boiler-sections. Such channels are formed within each section by a suitable arrangement of the vertical smoke-passages, which passages require partitions within the water-space of each section to transmit the,

smoke or heated gases to the smoke-chambers above the same.

The invention will be understood by reference to. the annexed drawings, in whic11- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the entire apparatus. Fig. 2 is a section of the same on line 'y y in Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is a plan of .the apparatus with the top section removed, and

Fig. 4 is a vertical section on line a: a: in,

Fig. 3.

Each of the boiler-sections consists in a horizontal disk with vertical shell a and hori zontal plates 0, circular flanges a being provided upon the edges of the disks to separate them suitably when superposed upon one another to form intermediate horizontal smoke or combustion spaces f. Slots or apertures e are formed through the sections or disks,with walls intersecting the waterspace within, and the series of sections is supported upon a fire-box 70, which is shown provided with a grate Z and fire-brick lining m. p

The construction thus far described is old,

and one feature of my improvement consists in connecting the several sections by central thimbles b, which form a continuous waterchannel between the several sections at their central point, where the water over the furnace is most highlyheated. I also connect the water-spaces of the several sections by a series of thimbles d close to the shell a,which form continuous vertical passages between the several water-spaces, three such series of thimbles being shown in the drawings. The vertical passages e, through which the smoke passes into the several combustion chambers f, are constructed as long narrow slits formed across each of theboiler-sections at intervals.

I provide direct radial channels from the.

partitions upon radial lines, as shown in the upper half of Fig. 2, so that a free passage or water-channel c is formed from the center to the circumference of each boilersection through all of such partitions. The alternate boiler-sections are preferably constructed with the water-channels extended alternately toward the outer thimbles d, as shown in Fig. 3, and toward a point intermediate to such thimble, as shown in Fig. 2 and indicated by dotted lines 2 in Fig. 3. By this construction the heated gases rising through the several slits e are obstructed at the points where the passages e are interrupted by the channels 0, and the gases are thereby deflected from a direct upward course and retained in contact with the metallic surfaces for a longer period.

The thimbles b and 61 may be made of any suitable construction adapted to insert between the different boilersections and to couple them together in the desired manner.

No special form of thimble is required, as such constructions are already well known.

In Fig. 3 the holes in the thimbles are shown flattened at one side to fit a wrench for unscrewing them.

A boiler-section without any smoke-pas sages e is shown applied to the top of the other sections and connected therewith by the thimbles b and d to secure the necessary circulation, and a discharge-pipe h is applied to the top of the chamber 9, over the central thimbles, to receive the current of hot water rising from the same and convey it from the boiler at the highest temperature. To secure a central discharge for the hot water, the smoke-outlet t' is extended laterally from the upper smoke-chamber f beneath the top section g, and such smoke-outlet is arranged between two of the thimbles d, so as to cause no displacement of such thimbles or obstructon to a straight water-channel between the top and bottom of the boiler.

In the practical operation of the boiler the water over the center of the fire is heated the hottest, and, finding an unobstructed chanthrough the direct channels provided by the thimbles b, and provision is also made for a direct flow of the fluid from the circumference of the boiler inward to the central channel in each section by the radial passages c.

The partitions 6' within the sections do not, therefore, furnish any obstruction to the movements of the water in a natural manner to maintain a perfect circulation, and the boiler therefore operates as effectively when the radiators attached thereto are closed as when Having thus set forth my invention, what 7 I claim herein is 1. In a water-heating boiler constructed 7 with a series of flat hollow sections provided with marginal flanges a and arranged horizontally, with intermediate combustion-chambers, and having vertical gas or smoke passages extending through the sections, the combination, with the several sections, of the central thimbles 12, forming a continuous central water-channel, and several series of outer thimbles d, arranged one over another and forming continuous water-channels near the periphery of the sections, the whole arranged and operated as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a watenheating boiler constructed with a series of flat hollow sections provided with marginal flanges a and arranged horizontally, with intermediate combustion-chambers, and having vertical gas or smoke passages, formed as slits e, extending through the sections, the combination, with the several sections, of the central thimbles b, for1ning a continuous central Water-channel, and several series of outer thimbles (1, arranged over one another and forming continuous water-channels near the periphery of the sections, and the radial water-channels 0', formed through the walls of the slits e, the whole arranged and operated as set forth.

3. The combination, in a water heating boiler, of the series of hollow sections formed with cylindrical shell a and horizontal plate 0, and provided witl1, the slits having partitions e within the water-spaces of the sections, and the radial passages 0, formed in the water-spaces by interrupting such partitions, the central thimbles b, and the several series of thimbles d, connecting the several boiler sections with intermediate combustion-chambers f and forming continuous vertical water-channels, the water-chamber g, connected with the upper thimbles b and d, the discharge-pipe 71, applied to the top of the chamber 9 over the thimble b, the smokeoutlet 1', extended laterally from the upper chamber f, and a water-inlet near the bottom of the boiler, the whole arranged and operated substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN J. HOGAN.

Witnesses:

GILBERT J. MoGLoIN, JAMES W. GALLAGHER. 

